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Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and cause of death among women worldwide. Although definitive cause of breast cancer is not known, it is reported that genetic, environmental and hormonal factors play an important role. It is highly important to detect the breast cancer at an earlier stage for prevention, as there isn’t any definitive prevention method against cancer. Development of breast cancer is prevented via positive attitude and behaviours reducing risk and early diagnosis and effective treatment may increase quality of life and life span. Therefore , it is important to educate women about primary and secondary prevention methods. There are evidence based studies that show the influence of life style and environmental factors on the development of breast cancer such as high-fat diet, alcohol consumption, lack of physical exercise. The elimination of all these factors may contribute to decrease in morbidity and mortality (primary prevention). Secondary prevention, comprising diagnostic tests such as self-examination of breast, clinical breast examination, mammography aid in the early identification and treatment of premalignant or subclinical cancers. Also, behaviour modification, as well as greater awareness among women regarding breast cancer, may significantly contribute towards reducing the incidence of this cancer. In this regard, midwives and nurses can play a significant role in increasing awareness about breast cancer by providing training in lifestyle modifications and diagnostic methods of early stage breast cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide information on the role and responsibilities of midwives and nurses related to primary and secondary prevention measures of breast cancer.

Midwife and Nurse’s Role related to Primary and Secondary Prevention Measures in Breast Cancer