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Vehicular networks comprise vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications based on wireless radio access technologies. These network s require the periodic exchange of beacon messages between neighboring vehicles, to support cooperativ road safety applications. The regular broadcast of beacon in the common control channel (CCH) using the IEEE 802 .11p standard can lead to interference and recurrent packet collisions. This issue impacts negativel y in the quality and freshness of the beaconing information which is essential to detect and mitigate potentiall y dangerous traffic situations on time. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of a dynamic beaconing strategy where both beacon rate and transmit power are assigned by means of probability density functions (PDFs). The idea is to know which PDF is more convenient to increase the system’s performance according to vehicula r scenario characteristics. We investigate four types of PDFs, attending to four different performance metrics, i n four distinct vehicular scenarios, using the well established Veins (Vehicles in network simulation) framew ork. The simulation results show that a beaconing strategy based on uniform PDF is convenient in scenarios wit h high vehicle density and low relative speed, whereas a beaconing strategy based on normal PDF is suitable in sc narios with high relative speed and low vehicle density.

Dynamic Beaconing using Probability Density Functions in Cooperative Vehicular Networks