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In January of 2008, during the 53rd Russian Antarctic Expedition, surfacesnow samples were taken from 13 shallow (0.7 to 1.5 m depth) snow pits alongthe first tractor traverse from Progress to Vostok stations, East Antarctica.Sub-surface snow/firn layers are dated from 2.1 to 18 yr. The total lengthof the coast to inland traverse is more than 1280 km. Here we analysedspatial variability of concentrations of sulphate ions and elements and theirfluxes in the snow deposited within the 2006–2008 time interval. Anions wereanalysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and thedetermination of selected metals, including Na, K, Mg, Ca and Al, was carriedout by mass spectroscopy with atomization by induced coupled plasma (ICP-MS).Surface snow concentration records were examined for trends versus distanceinland, elevation, accumulation rate and slope gradient. Na shows asignificant positive correlation with accumulation rate, which decreases asdistance from the sea and altitude increase. K, Ca and Mg concentrations donot show any significant relationship either with distance inland or withelevation. Maximal concentrations of these elements with a prominent Al peakare revealed in the middle part of the traverse (500–600 km from thecoast). Analysis of element correlations and atmospheric circulation patternsallow us to suggest their terrestrial origin (e.g. aluminosilicates carriedas a continental dust) from the Antarctic nunatak areas. Sulphateconcentrations show no significant relationship with distance inland,elevation, slope gradient and accumulation rate. Non-sea salt secondarysulphate is the most important contribution to the total sulphatebudgetalong the traverse. Sulphate of volcanic origin attributed to the Pinatuboeruption (1991) was revealed in the snow pit at 1276 km (depth120–130 cm)

Spatial–temporal dynamics of chemical composition of surface snow in East Antarctica along the Progress station–Vostok station transect