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Vineyards are one of the eco-geomorphological systems most conditioned byhuman activity in Germany. The vineyards of the Ruwer Valley (Germany) arecharacterized by high soil erosion rates and rill problems on steep slopes(between 23 and 26°) caused by the increasingly frequent heavyrainfall events as well as deterioration due to incorrect land usemanagements. The objective of this paper is to determine and to quantify the hydrologicaland erosive phenomena in one vineyard in Germany during different seasonsand under different management conditions (before, during and aftervintage). For this purpose, a combined methodology was applied. Climatic (rainfalldepth distributions and return periods), pedological (soil analysis andclassification), geomorphological (sediment movements and rills evolution)and biological (botanic marks on the vines) variables were used on thetwo experimental plots in the village of Waldrach (Trier, region ofRhineland-Palatinate). The results showed high infiltration rates (near 100 %) and subsurfaceflow which were detected by rainfall simulations performed at differenttimes of the year (between September and December). The highest variationsof the monitored rills (lateral and frontal movements) were noted before andduring vintage, when footsteps occurred concentrated during a short periodof time (between September and October). Finally, two maps of soil loss weregenerated, indicated by botanic marks on the graft union of the vines. 62.5 t ha−1 yr−1 soil loss was registered in the experimental plotsof the new vineyards (2 years), while 3.4 t ha−1 yr−1 was recorded in the oldone (35 years)

Rainfall and human activity impacts on soil losses and rill erosion in vineyards (Ruwer Valley, Germany)