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Application of plant residues as soil amendment may represent a valuablerecycling strategy that affects carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling insoil–plant systems. The amount and rate of nutrient release from plantresidues depend on their quality characteristics and biochemicalcomposition. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted for 120 daysunder controlled conditions (25 °C and 58% water-filled porespace) to quantify initial biochemical composition and Nmineralization of leguminous and non-leguminous plant residues, i.e., theroots, shoots and leaves of Glycine max, Trifolium repens, Zea mays,Populus euramericana, Robinia pseudoacacia and Elaeagnus umbellata, incorporated into the soil at the rateof 200 mg residue N kg−1 soil. The diverse plant residues showed a widevariation in total N, C, lignin, polyphenols and C / N ratio with higherpolyphenol content in the leaves and higher lignin content in the roots. Theshoot of Glycine max and the shoot and root of Trifolium repens displayed continuous mineralization byreleasing a maximum of 109.8, 74.8 and 72.5 mg N kg−1 and representinga 55, 37 and 36% recovery of N that had been released from these addedresources. The roots of Glycine max and Zea mays and the shoot of Zea mays showed continuous negativevalues throughout the incubation. After an initial immobilization, leaves ofPopulus euramericana, Robinia pseudoacacia and Elaeagnus umbellata exhibited net mineralization by releasing a maximum of 31.8, 63.1 and65.1 mg N kg−1, respectively, and representing a 16, 32 and33% N recovery, respectively. Nitrogen mineralization from all the treatments waspositively correlated with the initial residue N contents (r = 0.89; p ≤ 0.01) and negativelycorrelated with lignin content (r = −0.84; p ≤ 0.01), C / N ratio (r = −0.69; p ≤ 0.05),lignin / N ratio (r = −0.68; p ≤ 0.05), polyphenol / N ratio (r = −0.73; p ≤ 0.05) and (lignin + polyphenol) : N ratio (r = −0.70; p ≤ 0.05) indicating a significant role of residuechemical composition and quality in regulating N transformations and cyclingin soil. The present study indicates that incorporation of plant residuesstrongly modifies the mineralization–immobilization turnover (MIT) of soilthat can be taken into account to develop synchronization between net Nmineralization and crop demand in order to maximize N delivery and minimizeN losses

solid earth

Impact of the addition of different plant residues on nitrogen mineralization–immobilization turnover and carbon content of a soil incubated under laboratory conditions