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A twin numerical experiment was conducted in the seas around the island ofSardinia (Western Mediterranean) to assess the impact, at regional andcoastal scales, of the use of relative winds (i.e., taking into account oceansurface currents) in the computation of heat and momentum fluxes throughstandard (Fairall et al., 2003) bulk formulas. The Regional Ocean ModellingSystem (ROMS) was implemented at 3 km resolution in order to well resolvemesoscale processes, which are known to have a large influence in thedynamics of the area. Small changes (few percent points) in terms ofspatially averaged fluxes correspond to quite large differences of suchquantities (about 15 %) in spatial terms and in terms of kinetics (morethan 20 %). As a consequence, wind power input <i>P</i> is also reduced by~ 14 % on average.Quantitative validation with satellite SST suggeststhat such a modification of the fluxes improves the model solution especiallyin the western side of the domain, where mesoscale activity (as suggested byeddy kinetic energy) is stronger. Surface currents change both in theirstable and fluctuating part. In particular, the path and intensity of theAlgerian Current and of the Western Sardinia Current (WSC) are impacted bythe modification in fluxes. Both total and eddy kinetic energies of thesurface current field are reduced in the experiment where fluxes took intoaccount the surface currents. The main dynamical correction is observed in the SWarea, where the different location and strength of the eddies influencethe path and intensity of the WSC.Our results suggest that, even at local scales and in temperate regions, it would bepreferable to take into account such a contribution in flux computations. The modificationof the original code, substantially cost-less in terms of numerical computation, improvesthe model response in terms of surface fluxes (SST validated) and it also likely improvesthe dynamics as suggested by qualitative comparison with satellite data

Impact of currents on surface flux computations and their feedback on dynamics at regional scales