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. The external pressure is the biggest problem faced byunderwater hydraulic systems. The strength and sealing ability of thestructure are facing enormous challenges. For this problem, the commonsolution is to use pressure compensation technology. The pressure of theseawater is transmitted to the inside of the hydraulic system through apressure compensator, which equalizes the return pressure of the hydraulicsystem and the seawater pressure. The structure of the compensation system,the volume and dynamic characteristics of the compensator, and thecompensation failure caused by hydraulic oil leakage will all affect thenormal operation of the underwater equipment. Therefore, it is necessary tostudy the pressure compensation system. This paper analyzes the pressurecharacteristics of the rubber-bellows type compensator. The dynamiccharacteristic equation of the pressure is established. Due to the strongnonlinear nature of rubber, the finite element method is used to simulatethe deformation process of the rubber-bellows type pressure compensator. Therelationship between the volume variation and the spring displacement of therubber-bellows type pressure compensator is calculated by FE simulation. Therelationship is brought into the theoretical equation result to obtain thepressure characteristics of the compensator. Through the control variablemethod, the influence of damping, total mass, effective area and springstiffness on the internal pressure of the compensator is obtained. Accordingto the analysis result, the damping ratio should be appropriately increasedto reduce the overshoot of pressure fluctuations in the design. Since thedamping is difficult to control, the total mass of the end cap, the guidepost, the rubber bellows and the spring can be minimized. It also reducesthe quality of the equipment. The spring stiffness and effective area have asignificant influence on the steady-state pressure. A softer spring shouldbe used and the effective area should be increased as much as possible toreduce the final steady-state pressure.

Study on dynamic characteristics of underwater pressure compensator considering nonlinearity