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. Present-day eddy-covariance-based methods for measuring the energy and mass exchange between the earth's surface and the atmosphere often do notclose the surface energy balance. Frequently the turbulent energy fluxes (sum of sensible and latent heat) underestimate the available energy (netincoming radiation minus the soil conductive heat flux) by 10 % to 20 % or more. Over the last 3 or 4 decades several reasons for thisunderestimation have been proposed, but nothing completely definitive has been found. This study examines the contribution of two rarely discussedaspects of atmospheric thermodynamics to this underestimation: the non-ideality of atmospheric gases and the significance the water vapor flux hasfor the sensible heat flux, an issue related to the pressure work term pΔv . The results were not unexpected; i.e., these effects are toosmall to account for all of the imbalance between the sum of the turbulent fluxes and the available energy. Together they may contribute 1 %–3 % ofthe difference (or 10 % to 15 % of the percentage imbalance).

hydrology and earth system sciences

Impacts of non-ideality and the thermodynamic pressure work term &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;p&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;Δ&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;v&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; on the surface energy balance