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. Natural lakes and big artificial reservoirs can affect the weather regime ofsurrounding areas but, usually, consideration of all aspects of this impactand their quantification is a difficult task. The Alqueva reservoir, the largestartificial lake in western Europe, located on the south-east of Portugal, wasfilled in 2004. It is a large natural laboratory that allows the study ofchanges in surface and in landscape and how they affect the weather in theregion. This paper is focused on a 3-day case study, 22–24 July 2014, duringwhich an intensive observation campaign was carried out. In order to quantifythe breeze effects induced by the Alqueva reservoir, two simulations with themesoscale atmospheric model Meso-NH coupled to the FLake freshwater lake modelhas been performed. The difference between the two simulations lies in thepresence or absence of the reservoir on the model surface. Comparing the twosimulation datasets, with and without the reservoir, net results of the lakeimpact were obtained. Magnitude of the impact on air temperature, relativehumidity, and other atmospheric variables are shown. The clear effect of a lakebreeze (5–7 m s −1 ) can be observed during daytime on distances up to6 km away from the shores and up to 300 m above the surface. The lake breezesystem starts to form at 09:00 UTC and dissipates at 18:00–19:00 UTC withthe arrival of a larger-scale Atlantic breeze. The descending branch of thelake breeze circulation brings dry air from higher atmospheric layers(2–2.5 km) and redistributes it over the lake. It is also shown thatdespite its significant intensity the effect is limited to a couple ofkilometres away from the lake borders.

Breeze effects at a large artificial lake: summer case study