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The dynamics of basin-scale water budgets\udover the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are not well understood nowadays due to the lack of in situ hydro-climatic\udobservations. In this study, we investigate the seasonal cycles and trends of\udwater budget components (e.g. precipitation P, evapotranspiration ET and\udrunoff Q) in 18 TP river basins during the period 1982–2011 through the\uduse of multi-source datasets (e.g. in situ observations, satellite\udretrievals, reanalysis outputs and land surface model simulations). A water\udbalance-based two-step procedure, which considers the changes in basin-scale\udwater storage on the annual scale, is also adopted to calculate actual ET.\udThe results indicated that precipitation (mainly snowfall from mid-autumn to\udnext spring), which are mainly concentrated during June–October (varied among\uddifferent monsoons-impacted basins), was the major contributor to the runoff\udin TP basins. The P, ET and Q were found to marginally increase in most TP\udbasins during the past 30 years except for the upper Yellow River basin and\udsome sub-basins of Yalong River, which were mainly affected by the weakening\udeast Asian monsoon. Moreover, the aridity index (PET/P) and runoff\udcoefficient (Q/P) decreased slightly in most basins, which were in agreement\udwith the warming and moistening climate in the Tibetan Plateau. The results\udobtained demonstrated the usefulness of integrating multi-source datasets to\udhydrological applications in the data-sparse regions. More generally, such\udan approach might offer helpful insights into understanding the water and\udenergy budgets and sustainability of water resource management practices of\uddata-sparse regions in a changing environment

Investigating water budget dynamics in 18 river basins across the Tibetan Plateau through multiple datasets