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Compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) has proven beneficial in thecharacterization of contaminant degradation in groundwater, but it has neverbeen used to assess pesticide transformation on catchment scale. This studypresents concentration and carbon CSIA data of the herbicides S-metolachlorand acetochlor from three locations (plot, drain, and catchment outlets) ina 47 ha agricultural catchment (Bas-Rhin, France). Herbicideconcentrations at the catchment outlet were highest(62 µg L−1) in response to an intense rainfall eventfollowing herbicide application. Increasing δ13C values ofS-metolachlor and acetochlor by more than 2 ‰ during the studyperiod indicated herbicide degradation. To assist the interpretation of thesedata, discharge, concentrations, and δ13C values ofS-metolachlor were modelled with a conceptual mathematical model using thetransport formulation by travel-time distributions. Testing of differentmodel setups supported the assumption that degradation half-lives (DT50)increase with increasing soil depth, which can be straightforwardlyimplemented in conceptual models using travel-time distributions. Moreover,model calibration yielded an estimate of a field-integrated isotopicenrichment factor as opposed to laboratory-based assessments of enrichmentfactors in closed systems. Thirdly, the Rayleigh equation commonly applied ingroundwater studies was tested by our model for its potential to quantifydegradation on catchment scale. It provided conservative estimates on theextent of degradation as occurred in stream samples. However, largelyexceeding the simulated degradation within the entire catchment, theseestimates were not representative of overall degradation on catchment scale.The conceptual modelling approach thus enabled us to upscale sample-basedCSIA information on degradation to the catchment scale. Overall, this studydemonstrates the benefit of combining monitoring and conceptual modelling ofconcentration and CSIA data and advocates the use of travel-timedistributions for assessing pesticide fate and transport on catchment scale

Pesticide fate on catchment scale: conceptual modelling of stream CSIA data