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A major challenge in the emerging research field of coupling of existingregional climate models (RCMs) and hydrology/land-surface models is thecomputational interaction between the models. Here we present results from afull two-way coupling of the HIRHAM RCM over a4000 km × 2800 km domain at 11 km resolution and the combined MIKE SHE-SWET hydrologyand land-surface models over the 2500 km<sup>2</sup> Skjern River catchment. Atotal of 26 one-year runs were performed to assess the influence of the datatransfer interval (DTI) between the two models and the internal HIRHAM modelvariability of 10 variables. DTI frequencies between 12 and 120 min wereassessed, where the computational overhead was found to increasesubstantially with increasing exchange frequency. In terms of hourly anddaily performance statistics the coupled model simulations performed lessaccurately than the uncoupled simulations, whereas for longer-term cumulativeprecipitation the opposite was found, especially for more frequent DTI rates.Four of six output variables from HIRHAM, precipitation, relative humidity,wind speed and air temperature, showed statistically significantimprovements in root-mean-square error (RMSE) by reducing the DTI. For thesefour variables, the HIRHAM RMSE variability corresponded to approximatelyhalf of the influence from the DTI frequency and the variability resulted ina large spread in simulated precipitation. Conversely, DTI was found to haveonly a limited impact on the energy fluxes and discharge simulated by MIKE SHE

Results from a full coupling of the HIRHAM regional climate model and the MIKE SHE hydrological model for a Danish catchment