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In shallow thermohaline-driven lakes it is important to measure  temperature on fine spatial and temporal scales to detect  stratification or different hydrodynamic regimes. Raman spectra  distributed temperature sensing (DTS) is an approach available to  provide high spatial and temporal temperature resolution. A vertical  high-resolution DTS system was constructed to overcome the problems of  typical methods used in the past, i.e., without disturbing the water  column, and with resistance to corrosive environments. This paper  describes a method to quantitatively assess accuracy, precision and  other limitations of DTS systems to fully utilize the capacity of this  technology, with a focus on vertical high-resolution to measure temperatures  in shallow thermohaline environments. It also presents a new method to  manually calibrate temperatures along the optical fiber achieving significant  improved resolution. The vertical high-resolution DTS system is used to monitor  the thermal behavior of a salt-gradient solar pond, which is an engineered  shallow thermohaline system that allows collection and storage of solar energy  for a long period of time. The vertical high-resolution DTS system monitors the  temperature profile each 1.1 cm vertically and in time  averages as small as 10 s. Temperature resolution as low as 0.035 °C is  obtained when the data are collected at 5-min intervals

Assessment of a vertical high-resolution distributed-temperature-sensing system in a shallow thermohaline environment