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. The evolution of the drainage system in the Eastern Alps is inherently linked to different tectonic stages of the alpine orogeny. Crustal-scale faults imposed eastward-directed orogen-parallel flow on major rivers, whereas late orogenic surface uplift increased topographic gradients between the foreland and range and hence the vulnerability of such rivers to be captured. This leads to a situation in which major orogen-parallel alpinerivers such as the Salzach River and the Enns River are characterized byelongated east–west-oriented catchments south of the proposed capturepoints, whereby almost the entire drainage area is located west of thecapture point. To determine the current stability of drainage divides and to predict the potential direction of divide migration, we analysed theirgeometry at catchment, headwater and hillslope scale covering timescalesfrom millions of years to the millennial scale. We employ χ  mappingfor different base levels, generalized swath profiles across drainagedivides and Gilbert metrics – a set of local topographic metricsquantifying the asymmetry of drainage divides at hillslope scale. Ourresults show that most drainage divides are asymmetric, with steeper channels west and flatter channels east of a common drainage divide. Interpreting these results, we propose that drainage divides migrate from west towards east so that the Inn catchment grows at the expense of the Salzach catchment and the Salzach catchment consumes the westernmost tributaries of the Mur and Enns catchments. Gilbert metrics across the Salzach–Enns and Salzach–Mur divides are consistent with inferred divide mobility. We attribute the absence of divide asymmetry at the Inn–Salzach divide to glacial landforms such as cirques and U-shaped valleys, which suggest that Pleistocene climate modulations are able to locally obscure the large-scale signal of drainage network reorganization. We suggest that the eastward-directed divide migration progressively leads to symmetric catchment geometries, whereby tributaries west and east of the capture point eventually contribute equally to the drainage area. To test this assumption, we have reconstructed the proposed drainage network geometries for different time slices. χ  mapping of these reconstructed drainage networks indicates a progressive stability of the network topology in the Eastern Alps towards the present-day situation.

The destiny of orogen-parallel streams in the Eastern Alps: the Salzach–Enns drainage system