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Abstract. South Africa is a key region to reconstruct and understand past changes inatmospheric circulation, i.e. temperate westerlies and tropical easterlies.However, due to the scarcity of natural archives, South Africa'senvironmental evolution during the late Quaternary remains highly debated.Many available sediment archives are peri-coastal lakes and wetlands;however, the paleoenvironmental signals in these archives are oftenoverprinted by sea-level changes during the Holocene. This study presents anew record from the coastal wetland Voëlvlei, which is situated in theyear-round rainfall zone of South Africa on the southern Cape coast. Itpresents an ideal sedimentary archive to investigate both sea level andenvironmental changes. A 13 m long sediment core was retrieved and analysed using a multi-proxy approach. The chronology reveals a basal age of 8440 +200/-250 cal BP. Paleoecological and elemental analysesindicate marine incursions from ca. 8440 to ca. 7000 cal BP with a salinity optimum occurring at 7090 +170/-200 cal BP. Atca. 6000 cal BP, the basin of Voëlvlei was in-filled with sediment resulting in an intermittent (sporadically desiccated) freshwater lake similar to present. In contrast to previous investigations which used indirect proxies forhydrological reconstructions, here we apply a combinedbiomarker–sedimentological approach that allows the potential identification of precipitation sources, in combination with relative estimates of moisture availability. Increasing moisture is observed throughout the record starting from 8440 +200/-250 cal BP with contributions from both westerlies and easterlies from ca. 8440 to ca. 7070 cal BP. Westerly-derived rainfall dominates from ca. 7070 to ca. 6420 cal BP followed by a distinct shift to an easterly dominance at ca. 6420 cal BP. An overall trend to westerly dominance lasting until ca. 2060 cal BP is followed by a trend towards an easterly dominance to the present, but both phases show several intense, short-term variations. These variations are also evident in other regional studies, highlighting that the source and seasonality of precipitation has varied distinctly on the southern Cape during the Holocene. Comparison of the Voëlvlei record with other regional studies suggests a coherent trend in the overall moisture evolution along the southern Cape coast during the past 8500 years.

Holocene sea level and environmental change at the southern Cape – an 8.5 kyr multi-proxy paleoclimate record from Lake Voëlvlei, South Africa