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. The extensive loess deposits of the Eurasian mid-latitudes provide importantterrestrial archives of Quaternary climatic change. As yet, however, loessrecords in Central Asia are poorly understood. Here we investigate the grainsize and magnetic characteristics of loess from the Nilka (NLK) section inthe Ili Basin of eastern Central Asia. Weak pedogenesis suggested byfrequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility ( χfd %) andmagnetic susceptibility (MS) peaks in primary loess suggest that MS is morestrongly influenced by allogenetic magnetic minerals than pedogenesis, andmay therefore be used to indicate wind strength. This is supported by theclose correlation between variations in MS and proportions of the sand-sizedfraction. To further explore the temporal variability in dust transportpatterns, we identified three grain size end-members (EM1, mode size47.5  µ m; EM2, 33.6  µ m; EM3, 18.9  µ m) which representdistinct aerodynamic environments. EM1 and EM2 are inferred to representgrain size fractions transported from proximal sources in short-term,near-surface suspension during dust outbreaks. EM3 appears to represent acontinuous background dust fraction under non-dust storm conditions. Of thethree end-members, EM1 is most likely the most sensitive recorder of windstrength. We compare our EM1 proportions with mean grain size from theJingyuan section in the Chinese loess plateau, and assess these in thecontext of modern and Holocene climate data. Our research suggests that the SiberianHigh pressure system is the dominant influence on wind dynamics,resulting in loess deposition in the eastern Ili Basin. Six millennial-scale cooling(Heinrich) events can be identified in the NLK loess records. Our grain sizedata support the hypothesis that the Siberian High acts as teleconnectionbetween the climatic systems of the North Atlantic and East Asia in the highnorthern latitudes, but not for the mid-latitude westerlies.

Eolian dust dispersal patterns since the last glacial period in eastern Central Asia: insights from a loess-paleosol sequence in the Ili Basin