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Abstract. Next to atmospheric CO2 concentrations, ice-proximal oceanographicconditions are a critical factor for the stability of Antarcticmarine-terminating ice sheets. The Oligocene and Miocene epochs( ∼  34–5  Myr ago) were time intervals with atmospheric CO2 concentrations between those of present-day and those expected for the nearfuture. As such, these past analogues may provide insights into ice-sheetvolume stability under warmer-than-present-day climates. We presentorganic-walled dinoflagellate cyst (dinocyst) assemblages fromchronostratigraphically well-constrained Oligocene to mid-Miocene sedimentsfrom Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Site U1356. Situatedoffshore the Wilkes Land continental margin, East Antarctica, the sedimentsfrom Site U1356 have archived the dynamics of an ice sheet that is todaymostly grounded below sea level. We interpret dinocyst assemblages in termsof paleoceanographic change on different timescales, i.e. with regard toboth glacial–interglacial and long-term variability. Our record shows that asea-ice-related dinocyst species, Selenopemphix antarctica, occursonly for the first 1.5  Myr of the early Oligocene, following the onset of fullcontinental glaciation on Antarctica, and after the Mid-Miocene ClimaticOptimum. Dinocysts suggest a weaker-than-modern sea-ice season for theremainder of the Oligocene and Miocene. The assemblages generally bear strongsimilarity to present-day open-ocean, high-nutrient settings north of thesea-ice edge, with episodic dominance of temperate species similar to thosefound in the present-day subtropical front. Oligotrophic and temperatesurface waters prevailed over the site notably during interglacial times,suggesting that the positions of the (subpolar) oceanic frontal systems havevaried in concordance with Oligocene–Miocene glacial–interglacial climatevariability.

Paleoceanography and ice sheet variability offshore Wilkes Land, Antarctica – Part 2: Insights from Oligocene–Miocene dinoflagellate cyst assemblages