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Reconstructions of dust flux have been used to produce valuable\udglobal records of changes in atmospheric circulation and aridity. These\udstudies have highlighted the importance of atmospheric dust in marine and\udterrestrial biogeochemistry and nutrient cycling. By investigating a\ud10 800-year-long paleoclimate archive from the Eastern Carpathians (Romania)\udwe present the first peat record of changing dust deposition over the\udHolocene for the Carpathian–Balkan region. Using qualitative (X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning) and quantitative inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES) measurements of lithogenic (K, Si, Ti)\udelements, we identify 10 periods of major dust deposition between\ud9500–9200, 8400–8100, 7720–7250, 6350–5950, 5450–5050, 4130–3770,\ud3450–2850, 2000–1450, 800–620, and 60 cal yr BP to present. In\udaddition, we used testate amoeba assemblages preserved within the peat to\udinfer local palaeohydroclimatic conditions. Our record highlights several\uddiscrepancies between eastern and western European dust depositional records\udand the impact of highly complex hydrological regimes in the Carpathian\udregion. Since 6100 cal yr BP, we find that the geochemical indicators of\uddust flux have become uncoupled from the local hydrology. This coincides with the appearance of millennial-scale cycles in the dust input and changes in\udgeochemical composition of dust. We suggest that this is indicative of a shift in dust provenance from local–regional (likely loess-related) to distal\ud(Saharan) sources, which coincide with the end of the African Humid Period\udand the onset of Saharan desertification

Periodic input of dust over the Eastern Carpathians during the Holocene linked with Saharan desertification and human impact