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The Paleogene sedimentary records from southern China hold important cluesto the impacts of the Cenozoic climate changes on low latitudes. However,although there are extensive Paleogene terrestrial archives and some containabundant fossils in this region, few are accurately dated or have atemporal resolution adequate to decipher climate changes. Here, we present adetailed stratigraphic and paleomagnetic study of a fossiliferous latePaleogene succession in the Maoming Basin, Guangdong Province. Thesuccession consists of oil shale of the Youganwo Formation (Fm) in the lowerpart and the overlying sandstone-dominated Huangniuling Fm in the upperpart. Fossil records indicate that the age of the succession possibly spansthe late Eocene to the Oligocene. Both the Youganwo Fm and the overlyingHuangniuling Fm exhibit striking sedimentary rhythms, and spectral analysisof the depth series of magnetic susceptibility of the Youganwo Fm revealsdominant sedimentary cycles at orbital frequency bands. The transition fromthe Youganwo oil shale to the overlying Huangniuling sandstones isconformable and represents a major depositional environmental change from alacustrine to a deltaic environment. Integrating the magnetostratigraphic,lithologic, and fossil data allows establishing a substantially refinedchronostratigraphic framework that places the major depositionalenvironmental change at 33.88 Ma, coinciding with the Eocene–Oligoceneclimate transition (EOT) at  ∼ 33.7 to  ∼ 33.9 Ma.We suggest that the transition from a lacustrine to deltaic environment inthe Maoming Basin represents terrestrial responses to the EOT and indicatesprevailing drying conditions in low-latitude regions during the globalcooling at EOT

Terrestrial responses of low-latitude Asia to the Eocene–Oligocene climate transition revealed by integrated chronostratigraphy