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The Chinese stalagmite δ18O (δ18Ocs) hasprovoked debate worldwide over the past few years due to its lack ofquantitative calibration, leading us to questions of whetherδ18Ocs records a local or large-scale signal and whetherδ18Ocs records the signal of a single remote water vapor source ormultiple water vapor sources. In this study, we observe all of theδ18Ocs trends within the instrumental period to verify whetherthey possess a common trend, which could be used as a basis to determinewhether the trends reflect the large-scale signal together or whether eachtrend reflects the local signal. The results show that most of theδ18Ocs experienced a linear increase from 1960 to 1994, which mayindicate that the δ18Ocs could record a trend occurringin large-scale atmosphere circulations. We then quantitatively describe theproportion of water vapor transport (WVT) from different source regions.Using the NCEP/NCAR (National Centers for Environmental Protection/National Centerfor Atmospheric Research) reanalysis data from 1960 to 1994, the ratios of theintensities of three WVTs from the Bay of Bengal, the South China Sea, andthe western North Pacific during the summer are calculated. We define RSCS/BOBas the ratio of the WVT intensities from the South China Sea to those fromthe Bay of Bengal, RWNP/BOB as the ratio of the WVT intensities from thewestern North Pacific to those from the Bay of Bengal, and RWNP/SCS asthe ratio of the WVT intensities from the western North Pacific to thosefrom the South China Sea. The significant decadal increase occurs in thetime series of RWNP/BOB and RWNP/SCS, most likely resulting from thestrengthening of the WVT from the western North Pacific in the late 1970sdue to the western Pacific subtropical high that extended westward. Furtheranalysis indicates that when the equatorial central and eastern Pacific isin the El Niño phase, the sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropicalIndian Ocean, the Bay of Bengal, and the South China Sea is high, and the SSTat the middle latitudes in the North Pacific is low, then theRWNP/BOB and RWNP/SCS values tend to be high. After the late 1970s,the equatorial central and eastern Pacific have often been in the ElNiño phase. Therefore, we confirm that the δ18Ocsprimarily records the variation in atmospheric circulation during the secondhalf of the 20th century

climate of the past

Evaluation of the ability of the Chinese stalagmite δ&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;18&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;O to record the variation in atmospheric circulation during the second half of the 20th century