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Elevated nitrogen (N) deposition changes the retention, transformation, andfluxes of N in ombrotrophic peatlands. To evaluate such effects we applied a15N tracer (NH4 15NO3) at a rate of2.3 g N m−2 yr−1 to mesocosms of five European peatlands withdiffering long-term N deposition rates for a period of 76 days of dry and 90days of wet conditions. We determined background N content and moss lengthgrowth, and recovered the 15N tracer from the mosses, graminoids,shrubs, the peat, and dissolved N. Background N contents in Sphagnummosses increased from 5.5 (Degerö Stormyr, deposition < 0.2 g N m−2 yr−1) up to 12.2 mg g−1 (FrölichshaierSattelmoor, 4.7–6.0 g N m−2 yr−1). In peat from Degerö,nitrate and ammonium concentrations were below 3 mg L−1, whereas up to30 (nitrate) and 11 mg L−1 (ammonium) was found in peat fromFrölichshaier Sattelmoor. Sphagnum mosses (down to 5 cm belowsurface) generally intercepted large amounts of 15N (0.2–0.35mg g−1) and retained the tracer most effectively relative to theirbiomass. Similar quantities of the 15N were recovered from the peat,followed by shrubs, graminoids, and the dissolved pool. At the most pollutedsites we recovered more 15N from shrubs (up to 12.4 %) and fromnitrate and ammonium (up to 0.7 %). However, no impact of N deposition on15N retention by Sphagnum could be identified and their lengthgrowth was highest under high N background deposition. Our experimentsuggests that the decline in N retention at levels above ca.1.5 g m−2 yr−1, as expressed by elevated near-surface peat Ncontent and increased dissolved N concentrations, is likely more modest thanpreviously thought. This conclusion is related to the finding thatSphagnum species can apparently thrive at elevated long-term Ndeposition rates in European peatlands

biogeosciences

The fate of &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;15&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;N-nitrate in mesocosms from five European peatlands differing in long-term nitrogen deposition rate