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Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in power systems, which can lead totransformer damage over the short and the long term, are a result of spaceweather events and geomagnetic variations. For a long time, only high-latitude areas were considered to be at risk from these currents, but recentstudies show that considerable GICs also appear in midlatitude and equatorialcountries. In this paper, we present initial results from a GIC model using athin-sheet approach with detailed surface and subsurface conductivity modelsto compute the induced geoelectric field. The results are compared tomeasurements of direct currents in a transformer neutral and show very goodagreement for short-period variations such as geomagnetic storms. Long-periodsignals such as quiet-day diurnal variations are not represented accurately,and we examine the cause of this misfit. The modelling of GICs from regionallyvarying geoelectric fields is discussed and shown to be an important factorcontributing to overall model accuracy. We demonstrate that the Austrianpower grid is susceptible to large GICs in the range of tens of amperes,particularly from strong geomagnetic variations in the east–west direction

Modelling geomagnetically induced currents in midlatitude Central Europe using a thin-sheet approach