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Since turbulence measurements from Doppler lidars are being increasingly usedwithin wind energy and boundary-layer meteorology, it is important to assessand improve the accuracy of these observations. While turbulent quantitiesare measured by Doppler lidars in several different ways, the simplest andmost frequently used statistic is vertical velocity variance(w′2) from zenith stares. However, the competing effects ofsignal noise and resolution volume limitations, which respectively increaseand decrease w′2, reduce the accuracy of these measurements.Herein, an established method that utilises the autocovariance of the signalto remove noise is evaluated and its skill in correcting forvolume-averaging effects in the calculation of w′2 is also assessed.Additionally, this autocovariance technique is further refined by definingthe amount of lag time to use for the most accurate estimates ofw′2. Through comparison of observations from two Doppler lidarsand sonic anemometers on a 300 m tower, the autocovariance technique is shownto generally improve estimates of w′2. After the autocovariancetechnique is applied, values of w′2 from the Doppler lidars aregenerally in close agreement (R2 ≈ 0.95 − 0.98) with those calculatedfrom sonic anemometer measurements

Improvement of vertical velocity statistics measured by a Doppler lidar through comparison with sonic anemometer observations