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Meteorological and atmospheric models are being extended up to80 km altitude but there are very few observing techniques that can measurestratospheric–mesospheric winds at altitudes between 20 and 80 km to verifymodel datasets. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of horizontal windprofile measurements using ground-based passive millimetre-wavespectroradiometric observations of ozone lines centred at 231.28, 249.79, and249.96 GHz. Vertical profiles of horizontal winds are retrieved from forwardand inverse modelling simulations of the line-of-sight Doppler-shiftedatmospheric emission lines above Halley station (75°37′ S,26°14′ W), Antarctica. For a radiometer with a system temperatureof 1400 K and 30 kHz spectral resolution observing the ozone 231.28 GHzline we estimate that 12 h zonal and meridional wind profiles could bedetermined over the altitude range 25–74 km in winter, and 28–66 km insummer. Height-dependent measurement uncertainties are in the range3–8 m s<sup>−1</sup> and vertical resolution  ∼  8–16 km. Under optimumobserving conditions at Halley a temporal resolution of 1.5 h for measuringeither zonal or meridional winds is possible, reducing to 0.5 h for aradiometer with a 700 K system temperature. Combining observations of the231.28 GHz ozone line and the 230.54 GHz carbon monoxide line givesadditional altitude coverage at 85 ± 12 km. The effects of clear-skyseasonal mean winter/summer conditions, zenith angle of the receivedatmospheric emission, and spectrometer frequency resolution on the altitudecoverage, measurement uncertainty, and height and time resolution of theretrieved wind profiles have been determined

atmospheric measurement techniques

Simulation study for measurement of horizontal wind profiles in the polar stratosphere and mesosphere using ground-based observations of ozone and carbon monoxide lines in the 230–250 GHz region