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The number and shape of ice crystals present in mixed-phase and ice clouds influence the radiation properties, precipitationoccurrence and lifetime of these clouds. Since clouds play a major role inthe climate system, influencing the energy budget by scattering sunlight andabsorbing heat radiation from the earth, it is necessary to investigate theoptical and microphysical properties of cloud particles particularlyin situ. The relationship between the microphysics and the singlescattering properties of cloud particles is usually obtained by modelling theoptical scattering properties from in situ measurements of ice crystal sizedistributions. The measured size distribution and the assumed particle shapemight be erroneous in case of non-spherical ice particles. There is ademand to obtain both information correspondently and simultaneously forindividual cloud particles in their natural environment. For evaluating theaverage scattering phase function as a function of ice particle habit andcrystal complexity, in situ measurements are required. To this end we havedeveloped a novel airborne optical sensor (PHIPS-HALO) to measure the optical properties and the corresponding microphysicalparameters of individual cloud particles simultaneously. PHIPS-HALO has been tested in the AIDA cloud simulation chamber and deployed in mountain stations as well as research aircraft (HALO and Polar 6). It is a successive version of the laboratory prototype instrument PHIPS-AIDA. In this paper we present thedetailed design of PHIPS-HALO, including the detection mechanism, opticaldesign, mechanical construction and aerodynamic characterization

PHIPS–HALO: the airborne Particle Habit Imaging and Polar Scattering probe – Part 1: Design and operation