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The FY3 (Feng-Yun-3) GNOS (GNSS Occultation Sounder) mission is a GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System) radio occultation mission of China forremote sensing of Earth's neutral atmosphere and the ionosphere. GNOS willuse both the global positioning system (GPS) and the Beidou navigationsatellite systems on the China Feng-Yun-3 (FY3) series satellites. The firstFY3-C was launched at 03:07 UTC on 23 September 2013. GNOS was developed by theCenter for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences(CSSAR). It will provide vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature,pressure, and humidity, as well as ionospheric electron density profiles on aglobal basis. These data will be used for numerical weather prediction,climate research, and ionospheric research and space weather. This paperdescribes the FY3 GNOS mission and the GNOS instrument characteristics. Itpresents simulation results of the number and distribution of GNOSoccultation events with the regional Beidou constellation and the full GPSconstellation, under the limitation of the GNOS instrument occultationchannel number. This paper presents the instrument performance as derivedfrom analysis of measurement data in laboratory and mountain-basedoccultation validation experiments at Mt. Wuling in Hebei Province. Themountain-based GNSS occultation validation tests show that GNOS can acquireor track low-elevation radio signal for rising or setting occultation events.The refractivity profiles of GNOS obtained during the mountain-basedexperiment were compared with those from radiosondes. The results show thatthe refractivity profiles obtained by GNOS are consistent with those from theradiosonde. The rms of the differences between the GNOS and radiosonderefractivities is less than 3%

An introduction to the FY3 GNOS instrument and mountain-top tests