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Abstract. The POLIPHON (polarization lidar photometer networking)method is a powerful pathway to retrieve the height profiles of dust-relatedparticle mass and ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations. Theconversion factors fitted from the sun photometer observation data are themajor part of the POLIPHON computations, which can convert thepolarization-lidar-derived dust extinction coefficients intodust-related particle mass and INP concentrations. For the central Chinesemegacity of Wuhan (30.5∘ N, 114.4∘ E), located at thedownstream area several thousands of kilometers far away from the sourceregions of Asian dust, dust particles always mix with other aerosols fromlocal emissions. Therefore, very few dust case data sets can be availablewhen using the column-integrated Ångström exponent (for 440–870 nm)  0.1recorded by a sun photometer as the filtering criteria. Instead, we presentanother dust case data set screening scheme that applies the simultaneouspolarization lidar observation to verify the occurrence of dust. Based onthe 33 dust-intrusion days identified during 2011–2013, theextinction-to-volume (cv,d) and extinction-to-large particle(with radius &gt;250 nm) number concentration(c250,d) conversion factors are determined to be(0.52±0.12)×10-12Mmm3m-3and 0.19±0.05 Mm cm−3, respectively. The c250,dfor Wuhan is 27 % larger than that observed at Lanzhou SACOL(36.0∘ N, 104.1∘ E), a site closer to the Gobi Desert,and tends to be closer to those observed in North Africa and the Middle East,indicating dust aerosols from these two sources are also possibly involvedin the dust events observed over Wuhan. As a comparison, the conversionfactor c290,c of 0.11±0.02Mmcm-3 for continental aerosol is much smaller thanc250,d, indicating that there is no significant influence ofurban aerosols on the retrievals of dust-related conversion factor overWuhan. The conversion factors are applied in a dust event in Wuhan to revealthe typical dust-related immersion-mode INP concentration over East Asiancities. The proposed dust case data set screening scheme may potentially beextended to the other polluted city sites that are more influenced by mixed dust.

atmospheric measurement techniques

Retrievals of dust-related particle mass and ice-nucleating particle concentration profiles with ground-based polarization lidar and sun photometer over a megacity in central China