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A new zenith-looking narrow-band radiometer based system (ZEN), conceived fordust aerosol optical depth (AOD) monitoring, is presented in this paper. TheZEN system comprises a new radiometer (ZEN-R41) and a methodology for AODretrieval (ZEN-LUT). ZEN-R41 has been designed to be stand alone and withoutmoving parts, making it a low-cost and robust instrument with lowmaintenance, appropriate for deployment in remote and unpopulated desertareas. The ZEN-LUT method is based on the comparison of the measured zenithsky radiance (ZSR) with a look-up table (LUT) of computed ZSRs. The LUT isgenerated with the LibRadtran radiative transfer code. The sensitivity studyproved that the ZEN-LUT method is appropriate for inferring AOD from ZSRmeasurements with an AOD standard uncertainty up to 0.06 for AOD500 nm ∼  0.5 and up to 0.15 for AOD500 nm  ∼  1.0, consideringinstrumental errors of 5 %. The validation of the ZEN-LUT technique wasperformed using data from AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) CimelElectronique 318 photometers (CE318). A comparison between AOD obtained byapplying the ZEN-LUT method on ZSRs (inferred from CE318 diffuse-skymeasurements) and AOD provided by AERONET (derived from CE318 direct-sunmeasurements) was carried out at three sites characterized by a regularpresence of desert mineral dust aerosols: Izaña and Santa Cruz in theCanary Islands and Tamanrasset in Algeria. The results show a coefficient ofdetermination (R2) ranging from 0.99 to 0.97, and root mean square errors(RMSE) ranging from 0.010 at Izaña to 0.032 at Tamanrasset. The comparisonof ZSR values from ZEN-R41 and the CE318 showed absolute relative mean bias(RMB)  <  10 %. ZEN-R41 AOD values inferred from ZEN-LUT methodology werecompared with AOD provided by AERONET, showing a fairly good agreement in allwavelengths, with mean absolute AOD differences  <  0.030 and R2 higherthan 0.97

A new zenith-looking narrow-band radiometer-based system (ZEN) for dust aerosol optical depth monitoring