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Atmospheric new particle formation is a general phenomenon observed overconiferous forests. So far nucleation is either parameterised as a functionof gaseous sulphuric acid concentration only, which is unable to explain theobserved seasonality of nucleation events at different measurement sites, oras a function of sulphuric acid and organic molecules. Here we introducedifferent nucleation parameters based on the interaction of sulphuric acidand terpene oxidation products and elucidate the individual importance. Theyinclude basic trace gas and meteorological measurements such as ozone andwater vapour concentrations, temperature (for terpene emission) and UV Bradiation as a proxy for OH radical formation. We apply these new parametersto field studies conducted at conducted at Finnish and German measurementsites and compare these to nucleation observations on a daily and annualscale. General agreement was found, although the specific compoundsresponsible for the nucleation process remain speculative. This can beinterpreted as follows: During cooler seasons the emission of biogenicterpenes and the OH availability limits the new particle formation whiletowards warmer seasons the ratio of ozone and water vapour concentrationseems to dominate the general behaviour. Therefore, organics seem to supportambient nucleation besides sulphuric acid or an OH-related compound. Usingthese nucleation parameters to extrapolate the current conditions toprognosed future concentrations of ozone, water vapour and organicconcentrations leads to a significant potential increase in the nucleationevent number

A new parametrization for ambient particle formation over coniferous forests and its potential implications for the future