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A month-long intensive measurement campaign was conducted in March/April2007 at Agnes Water, a remote coastal site just south of the Great BarrierReef on the east coast of Australia. Particle and ion size distributionswere continuously measured during the campaign. Coastal nucleation eventswere observed in clean, marine air masses coming from the south-east on65% of the days. The events usually began at ~10:00 local time andlasted for 1–4 h. They were characterised by the appearance of anucleation mode with a peak diameter of ~10 nm. The freshly nucleatedparticles grew within 1–4 h up to sizes of 20–50 nm. The events occurredwhen solar intensity was high (~1000 W m<sup>−2</sup>) and RH was low (~60%).Interestingly, the events were not related to tide height. Thevolatile and hygroscopic properties of freshly nucleated particles(17–22.5 nm), simultaneously measured with a volatility-hygroscopicity-tandemdifferential mobility analyser (VH-TDMA), were used to infer chemicalcomposition. The majority of the volume of these particles was attributed tointernally mixed sulphate and organic components. After ruling outcoagulation as a source of significant particle growth, we conclude that thecondensation of sulphate and/or organic vapours was most likely responsiblefor driving particle growth at sizes greater than 10 nm during thenucleation events. Although there was a possibility that the precursorvapours responsible for particle formation and growth had continentalsources, on the balance of available data we would suggest that theprecursors were most likely of marine/coastal origin. Furthermore, a uniqueand particularly strong nucleation event was observed during northerly wind.The event began early one morning (08:00) and lasted almost the entire dayresulting in the production of a large number of ~80 nm particles(average modal concentration during the event was 3200 cm<sup>−3</sup>). The GreatBarrier Reef was the most likely source of precursor vapours responsible forthis event

New particle formation and growth at a remote, sub-tropical coastal location