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Low-Z particle electron probe X-ray microanalysis (low-Z particle EPMA) showspowerful advantages for the characterization of ambient particulate matterin environmental and geological applications. By the application of thelow-Z particle EPMA single particle analysis, an overall examination of 1800coarse and fine particles (aerodynamic diameters: 2.5–10 μm and1.0–2.5 μm, respectively) in six samples collected on 28 April–1 May 2006 inthe marine boundary layer (MBL) of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea wasconducted. Three samples (D1, D2, and D3) were collected along the BohaiBay, Bohai Straits, and Yellow Sea near Korea during an Asian dust stormevent while the other three samples (N3, N2, and N1) were collected onnon-Asian dust (NAD) days. Based on X-ray spectral and secondary electronimage data, 15 different types of particles were identified, in whichsoil-derived particles were encountered with the largest frequency, followedby (C, N, O)-rich droplets (likely the mixture of organic matter andNH4NO3), particles of marine origin, and carbonaceous, Fe-rich,fly ash, and (C, N, O, S)-rich droplet particles. Results show that duringthe Asian dust storm event relative abundances of the (C, N, O)-richdroplets and the nitrate-containing secondary soil-derived particles weremarkedly increased (on average by a factor of 4.5 and 2, respectively inPM2.5−10 fraction and by a factor of 1.9 and 1.5, respectively inPM1.0−2.5 fraction) in the MBL of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea,implying that Asian dust aerosols in springtime are an important carrier ofgaseous inorganic nitrogen species, especially NOx (or HNO3) andNH3

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Elevated nitrogen-containing particles observed in Asian dust aerosol samples collected at the marine boundary layer of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea