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In this study, we present carbonyl sulfide (COS) measurements from an icecore drilled near South Pole, East Antarctica (SPRESSO). The samples arefrom 135–291 m, with estimated mean COS ages ranging from 278 to 2155 yearsbefore present (defined as 2000 C.E.). When combined with the previousrecords of COS from Antarctic ice cores and firn air, the current dataprovide a continuous record of COS extending beyond the last two millennia.The general agreement between ice cores, firn air, and modern airmeasurements supports the idea that polar ice is a valid archive forpaleoatmospheric COS. The average COS mixing ratio of the SPRESSO data setis (331±18) ppt (parts per trillion in mol/mol, ±1σ,<i>n</i>=100), excluding 6 outliers. These data confirm earlier firn air and icecore measurements indicating that the late 20th century COS levels of500 ppt are greatly increased over preindustrial levels and represent thehighest atmospheric levels over the past 2000 years. The data also provideevidence of climate-related variability on centennial time-scales, withrelative maxima at the peaks of Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age.There is evidence for a long-term increasing trend in COS of 1.8 ppt per 100years. Further ice core studies will be needed to determine whether thistrend reflects secular variability in atmospheric COS, or a slowpost-depositional chemical loss of COS in the ice core

Carbonyl sulfide in air extracted from a South Pole ice core: a 2000 year record