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Surface tension of ternary solution of sodium chloride, succinic acid andwater was measured as a function of both composition and temperature byusing the capillary rise technique. Both sodium chloride and succinic acidare found in atmospheric aerosols, the former being main constituent ofmarine aerosol. Succinic acid was found to decrease the surface tension ofwater already at very low concentrations. Sodium chloride increased thesurface tension linearly as a function of the concentration. Surfacetensions of both binary solutions agreed well with the previousmeasurements. Succinic acid was found to lower the surface tension even ifsodium chloride is present, indicating that succinic acid, as a surfaceactive compound, tends to concentrate to the surface. An equation based onthermodynamical relations was fitted to the data and extrapolated to thewhole concentration range by using estimated surface tensions for purecompounds. As a result, we obtained an estimate of surface tensions beyondsolubility limits in addition to a fit to the experimental data. Theparameterization can safely be used at temperatures from 10 to 30°C.These kinds of parameterizations are important for example in atmosphericnucleation models. To investigate the influence of surface tension on clouddroplet activation, the surface tension parameterization was included in anadiabatic air parcel model. Usually in cloud models the surface tension ofpure water is used. Simulations were done for characteristic marine aerosolsize distributions consisting of the considered ternary mixture. We foundthat by using the surface tension of pure water, the amount of activatedparticles is underestimated up to 8% if particles contain succinic acidand overestimated it up to 8% if particles contain only sodium chloride.The surface tension effect was found to increase with increasing updraftvelocity

Ternary solution of sodium chloride, succinic acid and water; surface tension and its influence on cloud droplet activation