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Occurrence of ozone (O3)-enhanced layers in the troposphere over theequatorial Pacific Ocean and their seasonal variation were investigatedbased on ozonesonde data obtained at three Southern Hemisphere ADditionalOZonesondes (SHADOZ) sites, Watukosek, American Samoa and San Cristobal, for6 years between 1998 and 2003. O3-enhanced layers were found in about50% of observed O3 profiles at the three sites. The formationprocesses of O3-enhanced layers were investigated by meteorologicalanalyses including backward trajectories. On numerous occasions,O3-enhanced layers resulted from the transport of air masses affectedby biomass burning. The contribution of this process was about 30% at SanCristobal during the periods from February to March and from August toSeptember, while it was relatively low, about 10%, at Watukosek andSamoa. A significant number of the O3-enhanced layers were attributedto the transport of midlatitude upper-troposphere and lower-stratosphere(UT/LS) air. Meteorological analyses indicated that these layers originatedfrom equatorward and downward transport of the midlatitude UT/LS air massesthrough a narrow region between high- and low-pressure systems around thesubtropical jet stream. This process accounted for 50–80% at Watukosekbetween May and December, about 80% at Samoa on yearly average, and40–70% at San Cristobal between November and March, indicating that itwas important for O3 budget over the equatorial Pacific Ocean

Ozone-enhanced layers in the troposphere over the equatorial Pacific Ocean and the influence of transport of midlatitude UT/LS air