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Subvisible cirrus (SVC) clouds are often observed withinthe tropical tropopause layer (TTL). Some studies suggest that SVC has asignificant impact on the earth radiation budget. The Costa Rica AuraValidation Experiment (CR-AVE) sponsored by the National Aeronautics andSpace Administration (NASA) took place near San Jose, Costa Rica from 14January–15 February 2006. The NASA WB-57F sampled SVC in the TTL from−75°C to −90°C with an improved set of cloud particle probes.Thefirst digital images of ice particles in the TTL are compared withreplicator images of ice particles collected in 1973 by a WB-57F in the TTL.The newer measurements reveal larger particles, on the order of 100 μmcompared with <50 μm from the earlier measurements, and alsodifferent particle shapes. The 1973 particles were mainly columnar andtrigonal, whereas the newer measurements are quasi-spherical and hexagonalplates. The WB-57F also measured very high water vapor contents with someinstruments, up to 4 ppmv, and aerosols with mixed organics and sulfates. Itis unknown whether these ambient conditions were present in the 1973studies, and whether such conditions have an influence on particle shape andthe development of the large particles. A companion paper (Jensen et al.,2008) presents crystal growth calculations that suggest that the high watervapor measurements are required to grow ice particles to the observed sizesof 100 μm and larger

Aircraft measurements of microphysical properties of subvisible cirrus in the tropical tropopause layer