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Data from a near co-located imaging Doppler\udinterferometer (IDI) and SuperDARN radar recorded since\ud1996 have been analysed in a consistent manner to compare\udthe derived mean winds and tides in the upper mesosphere.\udBy comparing only days when both techniques were recording\udgood quality meridional wind data it is shown that the\udSuperDARN radar winds and tides correlate best with the\udIDI height bin 90–95 km. On timescales of one hour the\udwinds derived from the IDI have a much greater associated\udvariance and correlate poorly with the SuperDARN winds.\udRegression analysis reveals that the observed SuperDARN\uddaily mean meridional wind strength is approximately 65%\udthat recorded by the IDI, in good quantitative agreement with\udprevious studies which have shown contamination to Super-\udDARN derived winds due to the significant back lobe of\udthe radar radiation pattern. Climatologically the two techniques\udobserve similar monthly mean winds with the Super-\udDARN meridional winds suppressed compared to the IDI\udwhich tends to record winds more poleward than those derived\udby the SuperDARN radar during the summer months,\udand to be slightly more equatorward during the winter. The\ud12-h tidal amplitude and phase derived from both techniques\udare in good agreement, whereas the 24-h tides are seen much\udmore strongly in the SuperDARN radar, especially in wintertime,\udwith poor phase agreement. Long term comparison\udof the two techniques reveals a tendency for the IDI meridional\udwinds to be more poleward during solar maximum especially\udduring summer time; an effect which is not reproduced\udin the meridional winds derived from the SuperDARN\udradar. These results are discussed in the context of previous\udstudies to independently determine the veracity of each technique,\udand to highlight the circumstances where data derived from these two techniques can be used to draw reliable conclusions\udfrom comparative studies based on geographically\uddistributed pairs of instruments

atmospheric chemistry and physics

A long-term comparison of wind and tide measurements in the upper mesosphere recorded with an imaging Doppler interferometer and SuperDARN radar at Halley, Antarctica