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. Organic aerosols are measured at a remote site (Ersa) on the cape of Corsicain the northwestern Mediterranean basin during the winter campaign of 2014 of the CHemistry and AeRosols MediterraneanEXperiment (CharMEx), when high organicconcentrations from anthropogenic origins are observed.This work aims to represent the observed organic aerosolconcentrations and properties (oxidation state) using theair-quality model Polyphemus with a surrogate approach for secondary organicaerosol (SOA) formation.Because intermediate and semi-volatile organic compounds (I/S-VOCs) are the mainprecursors of SOAs at Ersa during winter 2014, different parameterizationsto represent the emission and aging of I/S-VOCs were implemented in thechemistry-transport model of Polyphemus (different volatility distributionemissions and single-step oxidation vs multi-step oxidation within a volatility basis set – VBS – framework, inclusion of non-traditional volatile organiccompounds – NTVOCs). Simulations using the different parameterizations are compared toeach other and to the measurements (concentration and oxidation state). Thehighly observed organic concentrations are well reproduced in all theparameterizations. They are slightly underestimated in mostparameterizations. The volatility distribution at emissions influences the concentrations more strongly than the choice of the parameterization that maybe used for aging (single-step oxidation vs multi-step oxidation), stressingthe importance of an accurate characterization of emissions. Assuming thevolatility distribution of sectors other than residential heating to be thesame as residential heating may lead to a strong underestimation of organicconcentrations. The observed organic oxidation and oxygenation states arestrongly underestimated in all simulations, even when multigenerationalaging of I/S-VOCs from all sectors is modeled. This suggests thatuncertainties in the emissions and aging of I/S-VOC emissions remain to beelucidated, with a potential role of formation of organic nitrate andlow-volatility highly oxygenated organic molecules.

Modeling organic aerosol concentrations and properties during winter 2014 in the northwestern Mediterranean region