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We apply a two-way transmittance constraint to nighttime CALIOP(Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) observations of volcanicaerosol layers to retrieve estimates of the particulate lidar ratio(Sp) at 532 nm. This technique is applied to threevolcanic eruption case studies that were found to have injected aerosolsdirectly into the stratosphere. Numerous lidar observations permittedcharacterization of the optical and geometric properties of the volcanicaerosol layers over a time period of 1–2 weeks. For the volcanic ash-richlayers produced by the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption (June 2011), we obtainmean and median particulate lidar ratios of 69 ± 13 sr and67 sr, respectively. For the sulfate-rich aerosol layers produced byKasatochi (August 2008) and Sarychev Peak (June 2009), the means of theretrieved lidar ratios were 66 ± 19 sr (median 60 sr)and 63 ± 14 sr (median 59 sr), respectively. The 532 nmlayer-integrated particulate depolarization ratios (δp)observed for the Puyehue layers (δp = 0.33 ± 0.03)were much larger than those found for the volcanic aerosol layers produced bythe Kasatochi (δp = 0.09 ± 0.03) and Sarychev(δp = 0.05 ± 0.04) eruptions. However, for theSarychev layers we observe an exponential decay (e-folding time of3.6 days) in δp with time from 0.27 to 0.03. Similardecreases in the layer-integrated attenuated colour ratios with time wereobserved for the Sarychev case. In general, the Puyehue layers exhibitedlarger colour ratios (χ′ = 0.53 ± 0.07) than what wasobserved for the Kasatochi (χ′ = 0.35 ± 0.07) and Sarychev(χ′ = 0.32 ± 0.07) layers, indicating that the Puyehuelayers were generally composed of larger particles. These observations areparticularly relevant to the new stratospheric aerosol subtypingclassification scheme, which has been incorporated into version 4 of thelevel 2 CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) data products

Lidar ratios of stratospheric volcanic ash and sulfate aerosols retrieved from CALIOP measurements