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In eastern China (EC), the strong anthropogenic emissionsdeteriorate the atmospheric environment, building a south–north zonaldistribution of high aerosols harbored by the upstream Tibetan and Loessplateaus in China. This study climatologically analyzed the interannualvariability in precipitation with different intensities in association withaerosol variations over the EC region from 1961 to 2010 by usingprecipitation and visibility data from more than 50 years and aircraft andsurface aerosol data from recent years in China, and the impacts of aerosolvariations on interannual variability in the intensity ofprecipitation events and their physical causes are investigated. We foundthat the frequency of light rain has significantly decreased and the occurrenceof rainstorms, especially severe rainstorms, has significantly increasedover recent decades. The extreme precipitation events presented aninterannual variability pattern similar to that of the frequent haze events over EC.Accompanied by the frequent haze events in EC, light rain frequencysignificantly decreased and extremely heavy precipitation events haveoccurred more frequently. During the 1980s, the regional precipitation trendsin EC showed an obvious transform from more light rain to more extremerainstorms. The running correlation analysis of interdecadal variationfurther verified that the correlation between the increasing aerosols andfrequencies of abnormal precipitation events tended to be more significant inEC. The correlation between atmospheric visibility and low cloud amounts,which are both closely related to aerosol concentrations, was positive in the north and negative in the south, and thespatial distribution of the variability in regional rainstorm frequency waspositive in the south and negative in the north. After the 1990s, the visibilityin summer season deteriorated more remarkably, light rain frequencydecreased noticeably, and rainstorms and extraordinarily heavy rainfalloccurred more frequently. There were significant differences in theinterdecadal variation trends in light rain and rainstorm events between thehighly aerosol-polluted area in EC and the relatively clean area on thewestern plateaus of China. The aircraft measurements over EC confirmedthat the diameters of cloud droplets decreased under high aerosolconcentration conditions, thereby inhibiting weak precipitation process

Are precipitation anomalies associated with aerosol variations over eastern China?