English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Retrieved from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)on-board the Aqua satellite, 12 years (2003–2014) of aerosol and cloud properties were used to statistically quantifyaerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) over the Baltic Sea region, including therelatively clean Fennoscandia and the more polluted central–eastern Europe.These areas allowed us to study the effects of different aerosol types andconcentrations on macro- and microphysical properties of clouds: cloudeffective radius (CER), cloud fraction (CF), cloud optical thickness (COT),cloud liquid water path (LWP) and cloud-top height (CTH). Aerosol propertiesused are aerosol optical depth (AOD), Ångström exponent (AE) andaerosol index (AI). The study was limited to low-level water clouds in thesummer.  The vertical distributions of the relationships between cloud properties andaerosols show an effect of aerosols on low-level water clouds. CF, COT, LWPand CTH tend to increase with aerosol loading, indicating changes in thecloud structure, while the effective radius of cloud droplets decreases. TheACI is larger at relatively low cloud-top levels, between 900 and 700 hPa. Most of the studied cloud variables were unaffected by the lower-tropospheric stability (LTS), except for the cloud fraction.  The spatial distribution of aerosol and cloud parameters and ACI, heredefined as the change in CER as a function of aerosol concentration for afixed LWP, shows positive and statistically significant ACI over the BalticSea and Fennoscandia, with the former having the largest values. Smallnegative ACI values are observed in central–eastern Europe, suggesting thatlarge aerosol concentrations saturate the ACI

Estimates of the aerosol indirect effect over the Baltic Sea region derived from 12 years of MODIS observations