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It is well established that variable wintertime planetary wave forcing in thestratosphere controls the variability of Arctic stratospheric ozone throughchanges in the strength of the polar vortex and the residual circulation.While previous studies focused on the variations in upward wave flux enteringthe lower stratosphere, here the impact of downward planetary wave reflectionon ozone is investigated for the first time. Utilizing the MERRA2 reanalysisand a fully coupled chemistry–climate simulation with the Community EarthSystem Model (CESM1(WACCM)) of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), we find two downward wave reflection effects onozone: (1) the direct effect in which the residual circulation is weakenedduring winter, reducing the typical increase of ozone due to upward planetarywave events and (2) the indirect effect in which the modification of polartemperature during winter affects the amount of ozone destruction in spring.  Winter seasons dominated by downward wave reflection events (i.e., reflectivewinters) are characterized by lower Arctic ozone concentration, while seasonsdominated by increased upward wave events (i.e., absorptive winters) arecharacterized by relatively higher ozone concentration. This behavior isconsistent with the cumulative effects of downward and upward planetary waveevents on polar stratospheric ozone via the residual circulation and thepolar temperature in winter. The results establish a new perspective ondynamical processes controlling stratospheric ozone variability in the Arctic by highlighting the key role of wave reflection

How does downward planetary wave coupling affect polar stratospheric ozone in the Arctic winter stratosphere?