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Increased concentrations of aerosol can enhance the albedo of warmlow-level cloud. Accurately quantifying this relationship from space ischallenging due in part to contamination of aerosol statistics near clouds.Aerosol retrievals near clouds can be influenced by stray cloud particles inareas assumed to be cloud-free, particle swelling by humidification, shadowsand enhanced scattering into the aerosol field from (3-D radiative transfer)clouds. To screen for this contamination we have developed a newcloud–aerosol pairing algorithm (CAPA) to link cloud observations to thenearest aerosol retrieval within the satellite image. The distance betweeneach aerosol retrieval and nearest cloud is also computed in CAPA. Results from two independent satellite imagers, the Advanced Along-TrackScanning Radiometer (AATSR) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS), show a marked reduction in the strength of the intrinsic aerosolindirect radiative forcing when selecting aerosol pairs that are locatedfarther away from the clouds (−0.28±0.26 W m−2) compared tothose including pairs that are within 15 km of the nearest cloud (−0.49±0.18 W m−2). The larger aerosol optical depths in closer proximity tocloud artificially enhance the relationship between aerosol-loading, cloudalbedo, and cloud fraction. These results suggest that previoussatellite-based radiative forcing estimates represented in key climatereports may be exaggerated due to the inclusion of retrieval artefacts in theaerosol located near clouds

Unveiling aerosol–cloud interactions – Part 1: Cloud contamination in satellite products enhances the aerosol indirect forcing estimate