English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Significant progress has been made in identifying the influence of different\udprocesses and emissions on the summertime enhancements of free tropospheric\udozone (O3) at northern midlatitude regions. However, the exact\udcontribution of regional emissions, chemical and transport processes to\udthese summertime enhancements is still not well quantified. Here we focus on\udquantifying the influence of regional emissions on the summertime O3\udenhancements over the Middle East, using updated reactive nitrogen\ud(NOx) emissions. We then use the adjoint of the GEOS-Chem model with\udthese updated NOx emissions to show that the global total contribution\udof lightning NOx on middle free tropospheric O3 over the Middle\udEast is about 2 times larger than that from global anthropogenic sources.\udThe summertime middle free tropospheric O3 enhancement is primarily due\udto Asian NOx emissions, with approximately equivalent contributions\udfrom Asian anthropogenic activities and lightning. In the Middle Eastern\udlower free troposphere, lightning NOx from Europe and North America and\udanthropogenic NOx from Middle Eastern local emissions are the primary\udsources of O3. This work highlights the critical role of lightning\udNOx on northern midlatitude free tropospheric O3 and the\udimportant effect of the Asian summer monsoon on the export of Asian\udpollutants

Impacts of anthropogenic and natural sources on free tropospheric ozone over the Middle East