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Atmospheric oxidation of isoprene, the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbon\udemitted into Earth's atmosphere primarily from terrestrial vegetation, is\udnow recognized as a major contributor to the global secondary organic\udaerosol (SOA) burden. Anthropogenic pollutants significantly enhance\udisoprene SOA formation through acid-catalyzed heterogeneous chemistry of\udepoxide products. Since isoprene SOA formation as a source of fine aerosol\udis a relatively recent discovery, research is lacking on evaluating its\udpotential adverse effects on human health. The objective of this study was\udto examine the effect of isoprene-derived SOA on inflammation-associated\udgene expression in human lung cells using a direct deposition exposure\udmethod. We assessed altered expression of inflammation-related genes in\udhuman bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) exposed to isoprene-derived SOA\udgenerated in an outdoor chamber facility. Measurements of gene expression of\udknown inflammatory biomarkers interleukin 8 (IL-8) and cyclooxygenase 2\ud(COX-2) in exposed cells, together with complementary chemical measurements,\udshowed that a dose of 0.067 µg cm−2 of SOA from isoprene\udphotooxidation leads to statistically significant increases in IL-8\udand COX-2 mRNA levels. Resuspension exposures using aerosol filter\udextracts corroborated these findings, supporting the conclusion that\udisoprene-derived SOA constituents induce the observed changes in mRNA\udlevels. The present study is an attempt to examine the early biological\udresponses of isoprene SOA exposure in human lung cells

atmospheric chemistry and physics

In vitro exposure to isoprene-derived secondary organic aerosol by direct deposition and its effects on &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;COX-2&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;IL-8&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; gene expression