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Global and regional methane budgets are markedly uncertain.\udConventionally, estimates of methane sources are derived by bridging\udemissions inventories with atmospheric observations employing chemical\udtransport models. The accuracy of this approach requires correctly simulating\udadvection and chemical loss such that modeled methane concentrations scale\udwith surface fluxes. When total column measurements are assimilated into this\udframework, modeled stratospheric methane introduces additional potential for\uderror. To evaluate the impact of such errors, we compare Total Carbon Column\udObserving Network (TCCON) and GEOS-Chem total and tropospheric\udcolumn-averaged dry-air mole fractions of methane. We find that the model's\udstratospheric contribution to the total column is insensitive to\udperturbations to the seasonality or distribution of <i>tropospheric</i>\udemissions or loss. In the Northern Hemisphere, we identify disagreement\udbetween the measured and modeled stratospheric contribution, which increases\udas the tropopause altitude decreases, and a temporal phase lag in the model's\udtropospheric seasonality driven by transport errors. Within the context of\udGEOS-Chem, we find that the errors in tropospheric advection partially\udcompensate for the stratospheric methane errors, masking inconsistencies\udbetween the modeled and measured tropospheric methane. These\udseasonally varying errors alias into source attributions resulting from model\udinversions. In particular, we suggest that the tropospheric phase lag error\udleads to large misdiagnoses of wetland emissions in the high latitudes of the\udNorthern Hemisphere

Seasonal variability of stratospheric methane: implications for constraining tropospheric methane budgets using total column observations