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Long-term continuous measurements of speciated atmospheric mercury wereconducted from July 2013 to June 2014 in Hefei, a midlatitude inland city ineastern central China that experiences frequent haze pollution. The meanconcentrations (±standard deviation) of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM),gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) and particle-bound mercury (PBM) were3.95 ± 1.93 ng m−3, 2.49 ± 2.41 and23.3 ± 90.8 pg m−3, respectively, on non-haze days, and4.74 ± 1.62 ng m−3, 4.32 ± 8.36 and60.2 ± 131.4 pg m−3, respectively, on haze days. Potentialsource contribution function (PSCF) analysis suggested that atmosphericmercury pollution on haze days was caused primarily by local emissions,instead of via long-range transport. The poorer mixing conditions on hazedays also favored the accumulation of atmospheric mercury. Compared to GEMand GOM, PBM was especially sensitive to haze pollution. The mean PBMconcentration on haze days was 2.5 times that on non-haze days due toelevated concentrations of particulate matter. PBM also showed a clearseasonal trend; its concentration was the highest in fall and winter,decreased rapidly in spring and was the lowest in summer, following the sameorder in the frequency of haze days in different seasons. On both non-hazeand haze days, GOM concentrations remained low at night, but increasedrapidly just before sunrise, which could be due to diurnal variation in airexchange between the boundary layer and free troposphere. However, non-hazeand haze days showed different trends in daytime GEM and GOM concentrations.On non-haze days, GEM and GOM declined synchronously through the afternoon,probably due to the retreat of the free tropospheric air as the height of theatmospheric boundary layer increases. In contrast, on haze days, GOM and GEMshowed opposite trends with the highest GOM and lowest GEM observed in theafternoon, suggesting the occurrence of photochemical oxidation. This issupported by simple box-model calculations, which showed that oxidation ofGEM to GOM does occur and that the transport of free tropospheric GOM aloneis not large enough to account for the observed increase in daytime GOM. Ourresults further postulate that NO2 aggregation with the HgOHintermediate may be a potential mechanism for the enhanced production of GOMduring daytime

Speciated atmospheric mercury on haze and non-haze days in an inland city in China