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During 11–12 June 2012, quasistationary linear mesoscale convective systems\ud(MCSs) developed near northern Taiwan and produced extreme rainfall up to\ud510 mm and severe flooding in Taipei. In the midst of background forcing of\udlow-level convergence, the back-building (BB) process in these MCSs\udcontributed to the extreme rainfall and thus is investigated using a\udcloud-resolving model in the case study here. Specifically, as the cold pool\udmechanism is not responsible for the triggering of new BB cells in this\udsubtropical event during the meiyu season, we seek answers to the question\udwhy the location about 15–30 km upstream from the old cell is still often\udmore favorable for new cell initiation than other places in the MCS.\ud  \udWith a horizontal grid size of 1.5 km, the linear MCS and the BB process in\udthis case are successfully reproduced, and the latter is found to be\udinfluenced more by the thermodynamic and less by dynamic effects based on a\uddetailed analysis of convective-scale pressure perturbations. During\udinitiation in a background with convective instability and near-surface\udconvergence, new cells are associated with positive (negative) buoyancy\udbelow (above) due to latent heating (adiabatic cooling), which represents a\udgradual destabilization. At the beginning, the new development is close to\udthe old convection, which provides stronger warming below and additional\udcooling at mid-levels from evaporation of condensates in the downdraft at\udthe rear flank, thus yielding a more rapid destabilization. This enhanced\udupward decrease in buoyancy at low levels eventually creates an upward\udperturbation pressure gradient force to drive further development along with\udthe positive buoyancy itself. After the new cell has gained sufficient\udstrength, the old cell's rear-flank downdraft also acts to separate the new\udcell to about 20 km upstream. Therefore, the advantages of the location in\udthe BB process can be explained even without the lifting at the leading edge\udof the cold outflow

A numerical study of back-building process in a quasistationary rainband with extreme rainfall over northern Taiwan during 11–12 June 2012