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Empirical estimates of the microphysical response ofcloud droplet size distribution to aerosol perturbations are commonly usedto constrain aerosol–cloud interactions in climate models. Instead ofempirical microphysical estimates, here macroscopic variables are analyzedto address the influence of aerosol particles and meteorological descriptorson instantaneous cloud albedo and the radiative effect of shallow liquidwater clouds. Long-term ground-based measurements from the AtmosphericRadiation Measurement (ARM) program over the Southern Great Plains are used.A broad statistical analysis was performed on 14 years of coincidentmeasurements of low clouds, aerosol, and meteorological properties. Twocases representing conflicting results regarding the relationship betweenthe aerosol and the cloud radiative effect were selected and studied ingreater detail. Microphysical estimates are shown to be very uncertain andto depend strongly on the methodology, retrieval technique and averagingscale. For this continental site, the results indicate that the influence ofthe aerosol on the shallow cloud radiative effect and albedo is weak andthat macroscopic cloud properties and dynamics play a much larger role indetermining the instantaneous cloud radiative effect compared tomicrophysical effects. On a daily basis, aerosol shows no correlation withcloud radiative properties (correlation = −0.01 ± 0.03),whereas the liquid water path shows a clear signal (correlation = 0.56 ± 0.02)

A long-term study of aerosol–cloud interactions and their radiative effect at the Southern Great Plains using ground-based measurements