English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Pollution aerosols strongly influence the composition of the WesternMediterranean basin, but at present little is known on their opticalproperties. We report in this study in situ observations of the singlescattering albedo (ω) of pollution aerosol plumes measured over theWestern Mediterranean basin during the TRAQA (TRansport and Air QuAlity)airborne campaign in summer 2012. Cases of pollution export from differentsource regions around the basin and at different altitudes between ∼  160 and 3500 m above sea level were sampled during theflights. Data from this study show a large variability of ω, withvalues between 0.84–0.98 at 370 nm and 0.70–0.99 at 950 nm. The singlescattering albedo generally decreases with the wavelength, with someexception associated to the mixing of pollution with sea spray or dustparticles over the sea surface. The lowest values of ω (0.84–0.70between 370 and 950 nm) are measured in correspondence of a fresh plumepossibly linked to ship emissions over the basin. The range of variabilityof ω observed in this study seems to be independent of the sourceregion around the basin, as well as of the altitude and aging time of theplumes. The observed variability of ω reflects in a largevariability for the complex refractive index of pollution aerosols, which isestimated to span in the large range 1.41–1.77 and 0.002–0.097 for the realand the imaginary parts, respectively, between 370 and 950 nm. Radiative calculations in clear-sky conditions were performed with the GAMEradiative transfer model to test the sensitivity of the aerosol shortwaveDirect Radiative Effect (DRE) to the variability of ω as observed inthis study. Results from the calculations suggest up to a 50 and 30 %change of the forcing efficiency (FE), i.e. the DRE per unit of opticaldepth, at the surface (−160/−235 W m−2 τ−1 at 60°solar zenith angle) and at the Top-Of-Atmosphere(−137/−92 W m−2 τ−1) for ω varying between itsmaximum and minimum value. This induces a change of up to an order ofmagnitude (+23/+143 W m−2 τ−1) for the radiative effectwithin the atmosphere

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Continental pollution in the Western Mediterranean basin: large variability of the aerosol single scattering albedo and influence on the direct shortwave radiative effect