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In the fine-particle mode (aerodynamic diameter < 1 μm) non-volatile material has been associated with black carbon (BC) andlow-volatile organics and, to a lesser extent, with sea salt and mineraldust. This work analyzes non-volatile particles at the tropospheric researchstation Melpitz (Germany), combining experimental methods such as a mobilityparticle-size spectrometer (3–800 nm), a thermodenuder operating at300 °C, a multi-angle absorption photometer (MAAP), and an aerosolmass spectrometer (AMS). The data were collected during two atmosphericfield experiments in May–June 2008 as well as February–March 2009. As abasic result, we detected average non-volatile particle–volume fractions of11 ± 3% (2008) and 17 ± 8% (2009). In both periods, BC wasin close linear correlation with the non-volatile fraction, but notsufficient to quantitatively explain the non-volatile particle massconcentration. Based on the assumption that BC is not altered by the heatingprocess, the non-volatile particle mass fraction could be explained by thesum of black carbon (47% in summer, 59% in winter) and a non-volatileorganic contribution estimated as part of the low-volatilityoxygenated organic aerosol (LV-OOA) (53% in summer, 41% in winter);the latter was identified from AMS data by factor analysis. Our resultssuggest that LV-OOA was more volatile in summer (May–June 2008) than inwinter (February–March 2009) which was linked to a difference in oxidationlevels (lower in summer). Although carbonaceous compounds dominated thesub-μm non-volatile particle mass fraction most of the time, across-sensitivity to partially volatile aerosol particles of maritime origincould be seen. These marine particles could be distinguished, however fromthe carbonaceous particles by a characteristic particle volume–sizedistribution. The paper discusses the uncertainty of the volatilitymeasurements and outlines the possible merits of volatility analysis as partof continuous atmospheric aerosol measurements

Chemical mass balance of 300 °C non-volatile particles at the tropospheric research site Melpitz, Germany